Elements of Mechanical Engineering

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which gas is primarily produced in a biogas plant?

Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about internal energy?

Which of the following represents a cyclic process?

In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs heat in which component?

Which of the following is the main advantage of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression refrigeration?

In a simple steam turbine, the energy conversion primarily occurs from

In a thermal power plant, the working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is

Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

Describe biogas and biomass energy. Mention their merits, demerits, and major applications.

Explain the origin and forms of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy.

What are non-renewable or conventional sources of energy? Explain fossil fuels with examples.

Compare renewable and non-renewable energy sources in terms of availability, environmental impact, and sustainability.

Define a thermodynamic system. Explain its types with suitable examples.

Explain the concepts of state, process, and cycle in thermodynamics with diagrams.

Explain the principle of operation of a vapour compression refrigeration system with the help of a neat sketch.

Compare vapour absorption and vapour compression refrigeration systems in terms of energy source efficiency and applications.

Explain the working principle of a simple steam turbine with a neat sketch.

Compare SI (Spark Ignition) and CI (Compression Ignition) engines in terms of fuel used, ignition method, and applications.

Describe the main components and working of hydel power plant.

Discuss the principle of nuclear power generation. What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to thermal power plants?

Define ferrous and non-ferrous metals with examples.

Explain the mechanical properties of engineering materials such as strength, hardness, and resilience with suitable examples.

What is quenching? Discuss the types of quenching media and their influence on steel hardness.

Define case-hardening. Explain its methods and applications in engineering components.

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which gas is primarily produced in a biogas plant?

Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about internal energy?

Which of the following represents a cyclic process?

In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs heat in which component?

Which of the following is the main advantage of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression refrigeration?

In a simple steam turbine, the energy conversion primarily occurs from

In a thermal power plant, the working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is

Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

Describe biogas and biomass energy. Mention their merits, demerits, and major applications.

Explain the origin and forms of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy.

What are non-renewable or conventional sources of energy? Explain fossil fuels with examples.

Compare renewable and non-renewable energy sources in terms of availability, environmental impact, and sustainability.

Define a thermodynamic system. Explain its types with suitable examples.

Explain the concepts of state, process, and cycle in thermodynamics with diagrams.

Explain the principle of operation of a vapour compression refrigeration system with the help of a neat sketch.

Compare vapour absorption and vapour compression refrigeration systems in terms of energy source efficiency and applications.

Explain the working principle of a simple steam turbine with a neat sketch.

Compare SI (Spark Ignition) and CI (Compression Ignition) engines in terms of fuel used, ignition method, and applications.

Describe the main components and working of hydel power plant.

Discuss the principle of nuclear power generation. What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to thermal power plants?

Define ferrous and non-ferrous metals with examples.

Explain the mechanical properties of engineering materials such as strength, hardness, and resilience with suitable examples.

What is quenching? Discuss the types of quenching media and their influence on steel hardness.

Define case-hardening. Explain its methods and applications in engineering components.

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which gas is primarily produced in a biogas plant?

Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about internal energy?

Which of the following represents a cyclic process?

In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs heat in which component?

Which of the following is the main advantage of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression refrigeration?

In a simple steam turbine, the energy conversion primarily occurs from

In a thermal power plant, the working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is

Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

Describe biogas and biomass energy. Mention their merits, demerits, and major applications.

Explain the origin and forms of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy.

What are non-renewable or conventional sources of energy? Explain fossil fuels with examples.

Compare renewable and non-renewable energy sources in terms of availability, environmental impact, and sustainability.

Define a thermodynamic system. Explain its types with suitable examples.

Explain the concepts of state, process, and cycle in thermodynamics with diagrams.

Explain the principle of operation of a vapour compression refrigeration system with the help of a neat sketch.

Compare vapour absorption and vapour compression refrigeration systems in terms of energy source efficiency and applications.

Explain the working principle of a simple steam turbine with a neat sketch.

Compare SI (Spark Ignition) and CI (Compression Ignition) engines in terms of fuel used, ignition method, and applications.

Describe the main components and working of hydel power plant.

Discuss the principle of nuclear power generation. What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to thermal power plants?

Define ferrous and non-ferrous metals with examples.

Explain the mechanical properties of engineering materials such as strength, hardness, and resilience with suitable examples.

What is quenching? Discuss the types of quenching media and their influence on steel hardness.

Define case-hardening. Explain its methods and applications in engineering components.

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which gas is primarily produced in a biogas plant?

Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about internal energy?

Which of the following represents a cyclic process?

In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs heat in which component?

Which of the following is the main advantage of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression refrigeration?

In a simple steam turbine, the energy conversion primarily occurs from

In a thermal power plant, the working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is

Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

Describe biogas and biomass energy. Mention their merits, demerits, and major applications.

Explain the origin and forms of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy.

What are non-renewable or conventional sources of energy? Explain fossil fuels with examples.

Compare renewable and non-renewable energy sources in terms of availability, environmental impact, and sustainability.

Define a thermodynamic system. Explain its types with suitable examples.

Explain the concepts of state, process, and cycle in thermodynamics with diagrams.

Explain the principle of operation of a vapour compression refrigeration system with the help of a neat sketch.

Compare vapour absorption and vapour compression refrigeration systems in terms of energy source efficiency and applications.

Explain the working principle of a simple steam turbine with a neat sketch.

Compare SI (Spark Ignition) and CI (Compression Ignition) engines in terms of fuel used, ignition method, and applications.

Describe the main components and working of hydel power plant.

Discuss the principle of nuclear power generation. What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to thermal power plants?

Define ferrous and non-ferrous metals with examples.

Explain the mechanical properties of engineering materials such as strength, hardness, and resilience with suitable examples.

What is quenching? Discuss the types of quenching media and their influence on steel hardness.

Define case-hardening. Explain its methods and applications in engineering components.

Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

Which gas is primarily produced in a biogas plant?

Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?

Which of the following statements is TRUE about internal energy?

Which of the following represents a cyclic process?

In a vapour compression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant absorbs heat in which component?

Which of the following is the main advantage of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression refrigeration?

In a simple steam turbine, the energy conversion primarily occurs from

In a thermal power plant, the working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is

Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

Describe biogas and biomass energy. Mention their merits, demerits, and major applications.

Explain the origin and forms of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy.

What are non-renewable or conventional sources of energy? Explain fossil fuels with examples.

Compare renewable and non-renewable energy sources in terms of availability, environmental impact, and sustainability.

Define a thermodynamic system. Explain its types with suitable examples.

Explain the concepts of state, process, and cycle in thermodynamics with diagrams.

Explain the principle of operation of a vapour compression refrigeration system with the help of a neat sketch.

Compare vapour absorption and vapour compression refrigeration systems in terms of energy source efficiency and applications.

Explain the working principle of a simple steam turbine with a neat sketch.

Compare SI (Spark Ignition) and CI (Compression Ignition) engines in terms of fuel used, ignition method, and applications.

Describe the main components and working of hydel power plant.

Discuss the principle of nuclear power generation. What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to thermal power plants?

Define ferrous and non-ferrous metals with examples.

Explain the mechanical properties of engineering materials such as strength, hardness, and resilience with suitable examples.

What is quenching? Discuss the types of quenching media and their influence on steel hardness.

Define case-hardening. Explain its methods and applications in engineering components.

Which of the following statements is wrong?

Which of the following is considered to be superior quality coal for power plants?

Which of the following methods is adopted for governing of steam turbines in a power plant?

Otto cycle efficiency is higher than Diesel cycle efficiency for the same compression ratio and heat input because in Otto cycle

Any change that a system undergoes from one equilibrium state to another is known as

The vapour compression refrigerator employs which of the following cycles?

The isentropic enthalpy drop in moving blade is two-third of the isentropic enthalpy drop in fixed blades of a turbine. The degree of reaction will be

For ammonia refrigerating systems, the tubes of a shell and tube condenser are made of

A turbine is said to have an axial discharge when the steam leaves the blade tip at ............ to the direction of the blade motion.

Cold work components are generally subjected to

What are the advantages and disadvantages in using the following energy resources?

1. Solar energy
2. Hydropower
3. Wind energy
4. Biomass energy

Derive the characteristics equation of a perfect gas.

Explain with a neat sketch the Babcock and Wilcox water-tube boiler. Show path of the gases and water in it.

A sample of wet steam at a pressure of 25 bar absolute has dryness fraction 0.80. Determine its enthalpy and internal energy.

Derive an equation for work done in case of single stage single-acting reciprocating air compressor neglecting clearance.

What do you understand by mechanical and thermal efficiency? A steam plant uses 3 tonnes of coal/hr. The steam is fed to turbine the output of which is 4 MW. The calorific value of the coal is 30 MJ/kg. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the plant.

Explain strength, hardness and resilience.

Give the Kelvin-Planck statement and the Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics. Show that they are equivalent.

What is prime mover? How are they classified?

What do you mean by boiler mountings and accessories? List at least five boiler mountings and explain any one with neat sketch.

Derive the expression for the efficiency of the Carnot cycle.

In an ideal Diesel cycle, the temperatures at the beginning and at the end of compression are $ 57^\circ\text{C} $ and $ 603^\circ\text{C} $. The temperatures at the beginning and at the end of expansion are $ 1950^\circ\text{C} $ and $ 870^\circ\text{C} $. Find the ideal efficiency of the cycle. If the pressure is 1 bar, find the maximum pressure in the cycle.

Draw working fluid flow diagram of the vapour compression refrigeration system and describe the function of each important component of the system.

Explain the principles of air-conditioning systems.

Differentiate between annealing and tempering.

Discuss briefly tool steels and give its practical application.

The formation of frost on cooling coils in a refrigerator:

Which of the following statement is wrong?

Naptha is a volatile colourless product obtained from:

For the same compression ratio, the efficiency of dual combustion cycle is:

While designing the refrigeration system of an aircraft, the prime consideration is that the:

The vapour compression refrigerator employs the following cycle:

The isentropic enthalpy drop in moving blade is two-third of the isentropic enthalpy drop in fixed blades of a turbine. The degree of reaction will be:

An aircraft gas turbine operates on:

A turbine is said to have an axial discharge when the steam leaves the blade tip at ............... in the direction of the blade motion.

Cold work components are generally subjected to:

List the various Liquid fuels. State its merits over solid fuels.

Differentiate between fire tube and water tube boiler.

Explain with a neat sketch Lancashire boiler.

Five kg of air is heated from initial volume of $ 0.5\text{ m}^3 $ to final volume of $ 1.3\text{ m}^3 $ at constant pressure 4 bar. Determine (1) heat supplied (2) workdone (3) initial and final temperature of air. Take $ C_p = 1.005\text{ kJ/kg-K} $ and $ R = 0.287\text{ kJ/kg-K} $.

Differentiate between four-stroke and two-stroke I.C. engines.

A sample of wet steam at a pressure of 25 bar absolute has dryness fraction 0.80. Determine its enthalpy and internal energy.

Explain the various method of case-hardening.

What do you understand by mechanical and thermal efficiency? A steam plant uses 3 tonne of coal/hr. The steam is fed to turbine the output of which is 4 MW. The calorific value of the coal is 30 MJ/kg. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the plant.

What is prime mover? How are they classified?

What do you mean by boiler mountings and accessories? List at least five boiler mountings and explain any one with neat sketch.

Explain with a neat sketch the working of a vapour compression refrigerator.

In an ideal Diesel cycle the temperature at the beginning and at the end of compression are $ 57^\circ\text{C} $ and $ 603^\circ\text{C} $. The temperature at the beginning and at the end of expansion are $ 1950^\circ\text{C} $ and $ 870^\circ\text{C} $. Find the ideal efficiency of the cycle. If the pressure is 1 bar find the maximum pressure in the cycle.

Draw working fluid flow diagram of the Vapour Compression Refrigeration System and describe the function of each important component of the system.

What do you understand by mechanical and thermal efficiency? A steam plant uses 3 tonne of coal/hr. The steam is fed to turbine the output of which is 4 MW. The calorific value of the coal is 30 MJ/kg. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the plant.

When quenching is desired? Explain the various quenching methods.

Discuss briefly tool steels and give its practical application.

Give two examples of secondary energy sources.

Which quality of coal is most suitable for thermal power plant?

Ice kept in a wall insulated thermos flask is an example of which system?

The long tube that carries water from the dam to the turbine is called

The processes of generation of steam in the pressure cooker is an example of

In a boiler, the air preheater is invariably located between

In an aqua-ammonia absorption refrigeration system, the ammonia vapours are produced at high pressure in the

The component which maintains a constant angular motion of the crank within a cycle is called

In a four-stroke cycle diesel engine, during suction stroke

The property of material to resist fracture under impact loading is called

What are the advantages and disadvantages of renewable sources of energy?

What are the applications of solar energy? Discuss the working of a solar plate collector with the help of a suitable neat sketch.

Explain the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Air initially at a pressure of 75 kPa and temperature of 1000 K and occupying a volume of 0·12 m$^3$ is compressed isothermally until the volume is halved. Subsequently, the volume undergoes further compression at constant pressure till it is halved again. Calculate the work done.

Define a boiler as per IBR. What are the purposes of steam generation?

What is natural and forced circulation boiler?

Explain the working of water level indicator with suitable diagram.

Explain the working principle of reaction turbine.

State the merits of gas turbine over IC engine.

What are the applications of gas turbine?

How do you classify IC engines? Represent Otto and Diesel cycle on $p-v$ and $T-S$ plot.

Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of Otto cycle.

Give the complete layout of steam power plant showing the appropriate position of economiser, air preheater, cooling tower and feed pump.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric power plant?

What is the principle of refrigeration?

Compare the vapour absorption refrigeration system with vapour compression refrigeration system.

Define air-conditioning.

What is heat treatment of metals? What is quenching?

What are the classifications of plain carbon steel? What are their properties and applications?

Give two examples of secondary energy sources.

Which quality of coal is most suitable for thermal power plant?

Ice kept in a wall insulated thermos flask is an example of which system?

The long tube that carries water from the dam to the turbine is called

The processes of generation of steam in the pressure cooker is an example of

In a boiler, the air preheater is invariably located between

In an aqua-ammonia absorption refrigeration system, the ammonia vapours are produced at high pressure in the

The component which maintains a constant angular motion of the crank within a cycle is called

In a four-stroke cycle diesel engine, during suction stroke

The property of material to resist fracture under impact loading is called

What are the advantages and disadvantages of renewable sources of energy?

What are the applications of solar energy? Discuss the working of a solar plate collector with the help of a suitable neat sketch.

Explain the thermodynamic equilibrium.

Air initially at a pressure of 75 kPa and temperature of 1000 K and occupying a volume of 0·12 m$^3$ is compressed isothermally until the volume is halved. Subsequently, the volume undergoes further compression at constant pressure till it is halved again. Calculate the work done.

Define a boiler as per IBR. What are the purposes of steam generation?

What is natural and forced circulation boiler?

Explain the working of water level indicator with suitable diagram.

Explain the working principle of reaction turbine.

State the merits of gas turbine over IC engine.

What are the applications of gas turbine?

How do you classify IC engines? Represent Otto and Diesel cycle on $p-v$ and $T-S$ plot.

Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of Otto cycle.

Give the complete layout of steam power plant showing the appropriate position of economiser, air preheater, cooling tower and feed pump.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric power plant?

What is the principle of refrigeration?

Compare the vapour absorption refrigeration system with vapour compression refrigeration system.

Define air-conditioning.

What is heat treatment of metals? What is quenching?

What are the classifications of plain carbon steel? What are their properties and applications?

Work done in a free expansion process, is

Entropy change depends on

In case of gas turbine, the gaseous fuel consumption guarantees are based on

Mach number is defined as ______

Equivalent evaporation of a boiler is defined as ______

Cycle efficiency of a modern thermal power plant is approximately

For supersonic flow, the converging duct is

The ideal refrigeration cycle in aircraft is

The working substance in Rankine cycle

The critical pressure of the steam is

What is wind power plant? Define the types of windmill.

Explain the construction and working of a Janata Model Gobar Gas Plant.

A fluid system undergoes a non-flow frictionless process following the pressure-volume relation as $p = 5 / v + 1.5$, where $p$ is in bar and $v$ is in m$^3$. During the process, the volume changes from 0.15 m$^3$ and the system rejects 45 kJ of heat. Determine the—
(i) change in internal energy;
(ii) change in enthalpy.

1 kg of steam at 8 bar, entropy 6.55 kJ/kg-K, is heated reversibly at constant pressure until the temperature is 200 °C. Calculate the heat supplied and show on a $T-S$ diagram the area which represents the heat flow.

Explain boiler mountings and accessories. Sketch any two.

Enumerate the factors which should be considered while selecting a boiler.

A 4-cylinder two-stroke cycle petrol engine develops 30 kW at 2500 r.p.m. The mean effective pressure on each piston is 8 bar and mechanical efficiency is 80%. Calculate the diameter and stroke of each cylinder of stroke to bore ratio 1.5. Also calculate the fuel consumption of the engine, if brake efficiency is 28%. The calorific value is in J/kg.

What are the two basic types of internal combustion engines? What are the fundamental differences between the two?

Describe the working principle of thermal power plant with a neat sketch.

Describe the working principle of nuclear power plant with a neat sketch.

Differentiate clearly between open and closed air refrigeration systems.

Enumerate the main parts of the equipment in the air-conditioning cycle.

Name various ores of iron and explain the process of manufacturing pig iron from them.

Compare the construction and working of blast furnace and cupola. Explain the method of operation of cupola.

Compare recrystallization in steel caused by an allotropic change and recrystallization due to cold working.

Draw iron-carbon equilibrium diagram and show their salient features.

Work done in a free expansion process, is

Entropy change depends on

In case of gas turbine, the gaseous fuel consumption guarantees are based on

Mach number is defined as ______

Equivalent evaporation of a boiler is defined as ______

Cycle efficiency of a modern thermal power plant is approximately

For supersonic flow, the converging duct is

The ideal refrigeration cycle in aircraft is

The working substance in Rankine cycle

The critical pressure of the steam is

What is wind power plant? Define the types of windmill.

Explain the construction and working of a Janata Model Gobar Gas Plant.

A fluid system undergoes a non-flow frictionless process following the pressure-volume relation as $p = 5 / v + 1.5$, where $p$ is in bar and $v$ is in m$^3$. During the process, the volume changes from 0.15 m$^3$ and the system rejects 45 kJ of heat. Determine the—
(i) change in internal energy;
(ii) change in enthalpy.

1 kg of steam at 8 bar, entropy 6.55 kJ/kg-K, is heated reversibly at constant pressure until the temperature is 200 °C. Calculate the heat supplied and show on a $T-S$ diagram the area which represents the heat flow.

Explain boiler mountings and accessories. Sketch any two.

Enumerate the factors which should be considered while selecting a boiler.

A 4-cylinder two-stroke cycle petrol engine develops 30 kW at 2500 r.p.m. The mean effective pressure on each piston is 8 bar and mechanical efficiency is 80%. Calculate the diameter and stroke of each cylinder of stroke to bore ratio 1.5. Also calculate the fuel consumption of the engine, if brake efficiency is 28%. The calorific value is in J/kg.

What are the two basic types of internal combustion engines? What are the fundamental differences between the two?

Describe the working principle of thermal power plant with a neat sketch.

Describe the working principle of nuclear power plant with a neat sketch.

Differentiate clearly between open and closed air refrigeration systems.

Enumerate the main parts of the equipment in the air-conditioning cycle.

Name various ores of iron and explain the process of manufacturing pig iron from them.

Compare the construction and working of blast furnace and cupola. Explain the method of operation of cupola.

Compare recrystallization in steel caused by an allotropic change and recrystallization due to cold working.

Draw iron-carbon equilibrium diagram and show their salient features.

As differentials, heat and work would be described mathematically as

The first law of thermodynamics refers to conservation of

Heat transferred in constant pressure process is equal to

The heat energy released by the complete fusion of 1 kg of U$^{235}$ is equal to the heat energy obtained by burning of high grade coal of

The power developed inside the cylinder of an engine is called

Heat addition to water in a boiler takes place at

How many degrees the crankshaft rotates in one complete cycle of four-stroke engine?

The evaporator coil in the refrigerating chamber

The percentage of carbon in cast iron varies between

The ability of a material to resist deformation under the action of external load is called

Distinguish between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. Give suitable examples.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of liquid fuels over solid fuels?

Define the following:
(i) Closed, open and isolated systems
(ii) Intensive and extensive property

Air weighing 2.5 kg, occupying 0.8 m$^3$, had a temperature of 25 °C. It was then heated at constant volume until its temperature becomes 205 °C. How much heat was transferred to the air and what was its final pressure? [$C_v$ = 0.719 kJ/kg K, R = 0.287 kJ/kg K]

What are the special features of good boilers?

Why are water-tube boilers more preferred for steam power plants?

Explain the working of economizer with suitable sketch.

What are the advantages of steam turbine over steam engine?

Why is steam turbine compounded? Give reasons.

Differentiate between open-cycle gas turbine and closed-cycle gas turbine.

Differentiate between SI engine and CI engine.

Derive an expression for air standard efficiency of Brayton cycle.

Explain with a neat sketch the working of hydel power plant. What are the functions of surge tank and draft tube?

What are the functions of moderators and control rod in nuclear power plant?

Define the following:
(i) Refrigeration effect
(ii) Tonne of refrigeration
(iii) COP

Explain the working of vapour absorption system of refrigeration indicating all components.

Explain the following properties of material:
(i) Ductility
(ii) Hardness
(iii) Toughness
(iv) Resilience

Explain the heat treatment process of annealing. What are its advantages?

As differentials, heat and work would be described mathematically as

The first law of thermodynamics refers to conservation of

Heat transferred in constant pressure process is equal to

The heat energy released by the complete fusion of 1 kg of U$^{235}$ is equal to the heat energy obtained by burning of high grade coal of

The power developed inside the cylinder of an engine is called

Heat addition to water in a boiler takes place at

How many degrees the crankshaft rotates in one complete cycle of four-stroke engine?

The evaporator coil in the refrigerating chamber

The percentage of carbon in cast iron varies between

The ability of a material to resist deformation under the action of external load is called

Distinguish between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy. Give suitable examples.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of liquid fuels over solid fuels?

Define the following:
(i) Closed, open and isolated systems
(ii) Intensive and extensive property

Air weighing 2.5 kg, occupying 0.8 m$^3$, had a temperature of 25 °C. It was then heated at constant volume until its temperature becomes 205 °C. How much heat was transferred to the air and what was its final pressure? [$C_v$ = 0.719 kJ/kg K, R = 0.287 kJ/kg K]

What are the special features of good boilers?