Transportation Engineering-I

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2019011619

B.Tech Examination, 2019

3 hours70 marks

Instructions

The marks are indicated in the right-hand margin.
There are NINE questions in this paper.
Attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.

Questions

Ask AI

Q1
Choose the correct answer of the following (any seven) :

a)
In India the modes of transportation, in the order of their importance are

a)
air transport, shipping, roads, railways

b)
shipping, roads, railways, air transport

c)
roads, railways, air transport, shipping

d)
shipping, railways, roads, air transport

b)
Length of vehicles does not affect

a)
extra widening

b)
minimum radius of turning

c)
passing sight distance

d)
width of shoulders

c)
The advantage of providing super-elevation on roads is

a)
increased volume of traffic

b)
reduced maintenance cost of the roads

c)
higher speed of vehicles

d)
All of the above

d)
Camber in pavements is provided by

a)
straight line method

b)
parabola method

c)
straight at the edges and parabolic at the crown

d)
All of the above

e)
A camber of 1 in 30 means that for a $30 \text{ m}$ wide road, the crown of the road will be _________ above the edge of the road.

a)
$0.5 \text{ m}$

b)
$1.0 \text{ m}$

c)
$2.0 \text{ m}$

d)
$3.0 \text{ m}$

f)
The maximum rate of super-elevation ($e$) is given by where $V = \text{Speed of vehicle in kmph}$ and $R = \text{Radius of curvature in meters}$ .

a)
$e = \frac{V^2}{225R}$

b)
$e = \frac{V^2}{424R}$

c)
$e = \frac{V^2}{540R}$

d)
$e = \frac{V^2}{1000R}$

g)
In CBR test, the value of CBR is calculated at

a)
$2.5 \text{ mm}$ penetration only

b)
$5.0 \text{ mm}$ penetration only

c)
both $2.5 \text{ mm}$ and $5.0 \text{ mm}$ penetration

d)
None of the above

h)
If $W$ is the wheel load and $\sigma$ is the unit stress in tension, then the thickness of concrete pavement ($t$) is given by

a)
$t = \sqrt{\frac{W}{\sigma}}$

b)
$t = \sqrt{\frac{2W}{\sigma}}$

c)
$t = \sqrt{\frac{3W}{\sigma}}$

d)
$t = \sqrt{\frac{4W}{\sigma}}$

i)
The traffic volume is equal to

a)
$\frac{\text{Traffic density}}{\text{Traffic speed}}$

b)
$\frac{\text{Traffic speed}}{\text{Traffic density}}$

c)
$\text{Traffic density} \times \text{Traffic speed}$

d)
None of the above

j)
The length of the side of warning signboards of road is

a)
$30 \text{ cm}$

b)
$45 \text{ cm}$

c)
$60 \text{ cm}$

d)
$75 \text{ cm}$

14 marks
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Q2
Answer the following:

a)
What are the different modes of transportation? Explain the specific function of each of them.

7 marks
b)
What are the various objectives of preliminary survey for highway alignment? Enumerate the details to be collected and the various steps in the conventional method.

7 marks
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Q3
Answer the following:

a)
Explain camber. What are the objects of camber? Discuss the factors on which the amount of camber to be provided depends.

7 marks
b)
Calculate the stopping sight distance for a design speed of $100 \text{ km/hr}$ . Take the total reaction time $2.5 \text{ second}$ and the coefficient of friction is $0.35$ .

7 marks
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Q4
Answer the following:

a)
Enumerate the various design factors controlling the vertical alignment of highways.

7 marks
b)
While aligning a highway in a built-up area, it was necessary to provide a horizontal circular curve of radius $325 \text{ meter}$ . Design the following geometric features : (i) Superelevation (ii) Extra widening of pavement (iii) Length of transition curve [Given that, Design speed = $65 \text{ kmph}$ , Length of wheel base of largest truck = $6 \text{ m}$ , Pavement width = $10.5 \text{ m}$]

7 marks
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Q5
Answer the following:

a)
What are the objects and scope of traffic engineering? Explain briefly.

7 marks
b)
A vehicle skids through a distance equal to $40 \text{ m}$ before colliding with another parked vehicle, the weight of the vehicle is 75% of the former. After collision if both the vehicles skid through $14 \text{ m}$ before stopping, compute the initial speed of the moving vehicle. Assume friction coefficient of $0.65$ .

7 marks
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Q6
Answer the following:

a)
Explain the traffic manoeuvres and their applications.

7 marks
b)
With neat sketches, show various types of traffic signals and classify them in proper group.

7 marks
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Q7
Answer the following:

a)
Sketch typical cross-sections of a flexible pavement and a rigid pavement, and explain the functions of the various components.

7 marks
b)
Explain soil stabilization and its scope in road construction.

7 marks
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Q8
Answer the following:

a)
What is traffic volume? Why are traffic volume studies conducted?

7 marks
b)
A truck travelling at $30 \text{ km/hr}$ was stopped in $1.25 \text{ seconds}$ after applying the breaks. Determine the average skid resistance of the road surface.

7 marks
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Q9
Write short notes on any four of the following :

a)
Shoulders

b)
Tie-bars

c)
Crushing value test

d)
Traffic volume

e)
Surface dressing

f)
Wet mix macadam

14 marks
Ask AI

2018011619

B.Tech Examination, 2018

3 hours70 marks

Instructions

The marks are indicated in the right-hand margin.
There are NINE questions in this paper.
Attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.

Questions

Ask AI

Q1
Choose the correct answer of the following (any seven) :

a)
The minimum value of camber provided for thin bituminous surface hill roads is

a)
2.2%

b)
2.5%

c)
3.0%

d)
3.5%

b)
The design of horizontal and vertical alignments, superelevation, sight distance and grades is worst affected by

a)
width of the vehicle

b)
length of the vehicle

c)
height of the vehicle

d)
speed of the vehicle

c)
Traffic engineering only includes the

a)
planning of regulatory measures

b)
design and application of control devices

c)
analysis of traffic characteristics

d)
All of the above

d)
Border Roads Organization for hilly regions was formed in

a)
1947

b)
1954

c)
1958

d)
1960

e)
Traffic surveys are carried out to

a)
know the type of traffic

b)
determine the facilities to traffic regulations

c)
design the proper drainage system

d)
All of the above

f)
In water-bound macadam roads, binding material is

a)
sand

b)
stone dust

c)
cement

d)
brick dust

g)
The design of flexible pavements is based on

a)
mathematical analysis

b)
empirical formulae

c)
a compromise of pure theory and pure empirical formula

d)
None of the above

h)
The efficiency of the brakes of a vehicle depends upon the

a)
condition of road surface

b)
condition of the tyres

c)
presence of the snow moisture

d)
All of the above

i)
The maximum safe speed on roads depends on the type of

a)
highway

b)
road surface

c)
curves

d)
All of the above

j)
On the recommendations of Indian Road Congress, the ruling gradient in plains is

a)
1 in 15

b)
1 in 20

c)
1 in 30

d)
1 in 45

14 marks
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Q2
Answer the following:

a)
What are the desirable properties of soil as a highway material?

7 marks
b)
Write a note on the common methods of on-street parking.

7 marks
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Q3
Answer the following:

a)
Elaborate on the factors to be considered when designing pavements.

7 marks
b)
Explain the various factors which affect the location of exit taxiway. What do you understand by optimum location of exit taxiway?

7 marks
Ask AI
Q4
Answer the following:

a)
How are the surface conditions of flexible and rigid pavements evaluated? What are the categories of overlay combinations?

8 marks
b)
On what factors does the selection of the base and surface course of the pavement depend upon?

6 marks
Ask AI
Q5
Answer the following:

a)
What should be the equilibrium cant on an MG curve of four degrees for an average speed of $66 \text{ kmph}$ ? Also find out the maximum permissible speed after allowing the maximum cant deficiency.

8 marks
b)
How are signals classified? Explain with neat sketches, the working of the semaphore signals.

6 marks
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Q6
Answer the following:

a)
Explain the construction procedure of a water-bound macadam road.

7 marks
b)
Explain about the typical flexible pavement failures.

7 marks
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Q7
Answer the following:

a)
Distinguish between collision and condition diagrams. Explain different measures to be adopted for the reduction of accidents.

7 marks
b)
What are the different tests to be organized on bitumen sample? Explain how the test results are used for selecting as binding material in road construction.

7 marks
Ask AI
Q8
A pre-timed four-phase signal has normal flow rates for the first three phases as 200, 187 and 210 vehicles/hr with saturation flow rates of 1800 vehicles/hr/lane for all phases. The lost time is given as 4 seconds for each phase. If the cycle length is 60 seconds, using Webster's method, determine the effective green time of 4th phase.

14 marks
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Q9
Answer the following:

a)
What are the requirements of filler and sealer materials for using them in the construction of c.c. pavements?

7 marks
b)
What are desire lines? Explain roadside interview method of organizing OD studies.

7 marks
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2016011619

B.Tech Examination, 2016

3 hours70 marks

Instructions

The marks are indicated in the right-hand margin.
There are NINE questions in this paper.
Attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.

Questions

Ask AI

Q1
Choose the most suitable option (any seven) :

a)
The road connecting capitals of State is known as

a)
NH

b)
SH

c)
provincial highway

d)
MDR

b)
The portion of the road surface which is used by the vehicular traffic is known as

a)
carriageway

b)
shoulder

c)
expressway

d)
All of the above

c)
As per IRC, the camber on cement concrete road should be

a)
1 in 45 to 60

b)
1 in 20 to 24

c)
1 in 12 to 16

d)
1 in 60 to 72

d)
For the relationship $u=55-0.44 k$ , where $u$ is the speed in kmph and $k$ is the density in vpkm, what will be the maximum flow in vph?

a)
625

b)
1250

c)
1718

d)
125

e)
Ratio of width of the car parking area required at kerb for 30° parking relative to 60° parking is approximately

a)
0.7

b)
0.5

c)
0.8

d)
2.0

f)
As per IRC, the minimum length of transition curve for a mountainous terrian road with radius of curvature $100 \text{ m}$ and design speed of vehicle $100 \text{ kmph}$ is

a)
270 m

b)
200 m

c)
170 m

d)
100 m

g)
In the design of highways, expansion and contraction joints should respectively be provided at

a)
50 m and 32 m

b)
50 m and 10 m

c)
25 m and 10 m

d)
25 m and 32 m

h)
The result of ring and ball softening point test on asphalts is given in terms of

a)
viscosity

b)
time

c)
temperature

d)
flow

i)
Excessive deformation in foundation course of a flexible pavement is known as

a)
base course failure

b)
wearing course failure

c)
subgrade failure

d)
pavement failure

j)
Reinforcement in cement concrete pavement is kept

a)
5 cm high from the bottom level

b)
5 cm below from the top level

c)
in the centre of the slab

d)
in the bottom of the slab

14 marks
Ask AI
Q2
Answer the following:

a)
What is the importance of Nagpur Road Plan in highway planning of our country?

6 marks
b)
Briefly outline the main features of various road patterns commonly in use. Explain with sketches the star and grid patterns.

8 marks
Ask AI
Q3
Answer the following:

a)
Differentiate between camber and super-elevations.

4 marks
b)
Find the length of transition curve and extra width of pavement required on a horizontal curve of radius $300 \text{ m}$ of a two-lane highway passing through rolling terrain for a design speed of $80 \text{ kmph}$ . Assume all other data as per IRC recommendations.

10 marks
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Q4
Answer the following:

a)
Explain PIEV theory. What are the factors on which the stopping sight distance depends?

7 marks
b)
On a two-way traffic road, the speed of overtaking and overtaken vehicles are $65 \text{ kmph}$ to $40 \text{ kmph}$ respectively. If the average acceleration of overtaking vehicle is $0.92 \text{ m/sec}^2$ , determine (i) safe overtaking sight distance and (ii) the minimum length of overtaking zone.

7 marks
Ask AI
Q5
Answer the following:

a)
Discuss spot speed, running speed, space-mean speed, time-mean speed and average speed. How are spot-speed studies carried out?

8 marks
b)
A helicopter pilot recorded the travel time of five vehicles on a $3.2 \text{ km}$ segment of a highway. Estimate the time-mean speed and space-mean speed of the vehicles :

Vehicle Travel Time (sec)

1 161

2 173

3 145

4 159

5 182

6 marks
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Q6
Answer the following:

a)
Differentiate between flexible and rigid pavements.

5 marks
b)
Calculate the stresses at interior, edge and corner regions of a cement concrete pavement using Westergaard's stress equations using the following data : Wheel load = $4100 \text{ kg}$ E of concrete = $3.3 \times 10^5 \text{ kg/cm}^2$ Pavement thickness = $18 \text{ cm}$ Poisson's ratio = $0.15$ Modulus of subgrade reaction = $25 \text{ kg/cm}^3$ Radius of contact area = $12 \text{ cm}$

9 marks
Ask AI
Q7
Answer the following:

a)
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of traffic rotaries.

6 marks
b)
Explain the following terms : ESWL; Tyre inflation pressure; CBR; Dowel bar

8 marks
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Q8
Answer the following:

a)
What are the functions of prime coat, tack coat and seal coat in bituminous construction?

7 marks
b)
Enumerate the steps for preparation of WBM layer. Explain all steps in brief.

7 marks
Ask AI
Q9
Answer the following:

a)
What are the various types of failure in flexible pavement? Explain the causes.

7 marks
b)
Indicate how the filter material is designed for use in subsurface drainage system.

7 marks
Ask AI

2015011619

B.Tech 6th Semester Exam., 2015

3 hours70 marks

Instructions

All questions carry equal marks.
There are NINE questions in this paper.
Attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.

Questions

Ask AI

Q1
Choose the most suitable option (any seven) :

a)
The sequence of four stages of survey in a highway alignment is

a)
reconnaissance (R), map study (MS), preliminary survey (PS) and detailed survey (DS)

b)
MS, PS, R, DS

c)
MS, R, PS, DS

d)
PS, MS, R, DS

b)
The stopping sight distance depends upon

a)
total reaction time of driver

b)
speed of vehicle

c)
efficiency of brakes

d)
All of the above

c)
Camber in the road is provided for

a)
effective drainage

b)
counteracting the centrifugal force

c)
having proper sight distance

d)
None of the above

d)
For the design of superelevation for mixed traffic condition, the speed is reduced by

a)
15%

b)
20%

c)
25%

d)
75%

e)
The value of ruling gradient in plain as per IRC recommendation is

a)
1 in 12

b)
1 in 15

c)
1 in 20

d)
1 in 30

f)
The maximum width of a vehicle as recommended by IRC is

a)
1.85 m

b)
2.44 m

c)
3.81 m

d)
4.72 m

g)
The traffic volume is equal to

a)
traffic density $\times$ traffic speed

b)
traffic density / speed

c)
traffic speed / traffic density

d)
None of the above

h)
The background colour of the informatory signboard is

a)
red

b)
yellow

c)
green

d)
white

i)
Penetration test on bitumen is used for determining its

a)
grade point

b)
viscosity point

c)
ductility point

d)
softening point

j)
Which of the following causes ravelling in bituminous pavement?

a)
Use of soft bitumen

b)
Excessive bitumen content

c)
Low bitumen content

d)
Use of open-graded aggregate

14 marks
Ask AI
Q2
Answer the following:

a)
What are the various modes of transformation? Explain the specific functions of each of them.

7 marks
b)
The area of a certain district in India is $13400\text{ km}^2$ and there are 12 towns as per 1981 Census. Determine the lengths of different categories of roads to be provided in the district by the year 2001.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q3
Answer the following:

a)
Derive an expression for finding the stopping sight distance at level and at grades.

7 marks
b)
Discuss PIEV theory. Explain total reaction time of driver and the factors on which it depends.

7 marks
14 marks
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Q4
Answer the following:

a)
Explain the methods of introducing extra widening of pavement on horizontal curves.

7 marks
b)
There is a horizontal highway curve of radius 400 m and length 200 m on this highway. Compute the setback distances required from the centreline on the inner side of the curve so as to provide for- (i) stopping sight distance of 90 m; (ii) safe overtaking sight distance of 300 m. The distance between the centrelines of the road and the inner lane is 1.9 m.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q5
Answer the following:

a)
What do you mean by grade compensation on curves?

7 marks
b)
Design a valley curve at the junction of a downward gradient of 1 in 30 and a level stretch from headlight consideration. The stopping sight distance is 180 m. Treating the curves as a square parabola, set out the curve.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q6
Answer the following:

a)
What are the objectives of channelization? What are the features of channelizing island?

7 marks
b)
What are the basic forms of at-grade intersection? Give sketches showing the details of each type.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q7
Answer the following:

a)
What are the various factors affecting the design of highway pavement?

7 marks
b)
Calculate the deflection at the surface of a pavement due to a wheel load of 40 kN and a tyre pressure of $0.5\text{ MN/m}^2$ . The value of modulus of elasticity of the pavement and subgrade may be assumed to be uniformly equal to $20\text{ MN/m}^2$ .

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q8
Answer the following:

a)
Give various grades of bitumen cutback and emulsions, and indicate the appropriate conditions for which they can be used.

7 marks
b)
What is surface dressing? What are the functions of surface dressing?

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q9
Write short notes on any four of the following :

a)
WBM

3.5 marks
b)
Design speed

3.5 marks
c)
Pavement unevenness

3.5 marks
d)
Level of service

3.5 marks
e)
Traffic islands

3.5 marks
14 marks
Ask AI

2014011619

B.Tech 6th Semester Exam., 2014

3 hours70 marks

Instructions

All questions carry equal marks.
There are NINE questions in this paper.
Attempt FIVE questions in all.
Question No. 1 is compulsory.

Questions

Ask AI

Q1
Choose the correct option (any seven) :

a)
Nagpur Road Plan formulae were prepared by assuming

a)
rectangular or block road pattern

b)
radial or star and block road pattern

c)
radial or star and circular road pattern

d)
radial or star and grid road pattern

b)
The shape of the camber best suited for cement concrete pavements is

a)
straight

b)
parabolic

c)
elliptical

d)
None of the above

c)
Stopping sight distance is always

a)
less than overtaking sight distance

b)
equal to overtaking sight distance

c)
more than overtaking sight distance

d)
None of the above

d)
Enoscope is used to find

a)
average speed

b)
spot speed

c)
space mean speed

d)
time mean speed

e)
Dead slow is a/an

a)
regulatory sign

b)
warning sign

c)
informatory sign

d)
None of the above

f)
Los Angeles testing machine is used to conduct

a)
abrasion test

b)
impact test

c)
attrition test

d)
crushing strength test

g)
Bottommost layer of pavement is known as

a)
wearing course

b)
base course

c)
subbase course

d)
subgrade

h)
The maximum thickness of expansion joint in rigid pavement is

a)
0

b)
25 mm

c)
50 mm

d)
100 mm

i)
Reflection cracking is observed in

a)
flexible pavement

b)
rigid pavement

c)
bituminous overlay over cement concrete surface

d)
rigid overlay over flexible pavement

j)
In highway construction on superelevated curves, the rolling shall proceed from

a)
sides towards the centre

b)
centre towards the sides

c)
lower edge towards the upper edge

d)
upper edge towards the lower edge

14 marks
Ask AI
Q2
Answer the following:

a)
Write down the importance of highways in India.

7 marks
b)
Discuss the classification of highways as per Nagpur Road Plan.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q3
Answer the following:

a)
What is meant by superelevation and why is it considered essential for modern traffic?

7 marks
b)
Derive an expression for superelevation to be provided on circular curve, if the coefficient of friction taken for design is $f$ .

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q4
Answer the following:

a)
What are the objects of camber? Discuss the factors on which the amount of camber to be provided depends.

7 marks
b)
Calculate the passing sight distance for a two-way traffic highway for which the design speed is 60 kmph. The rate of acceleration of the fast-moving vehicle may be assumed as 3.6 kmph/sec and the difference in speed between the overtaking vehicle and overtaken vehicle as 20 kmph. What will be the passing sight distance if only one-way traffic is allowed?

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q5
A national highway passing through a built-up area has a horizontal curve of radius 400 m. If the design speed of the highway is 80 kmph and the length of the wheelbase of the largest truck is 6.1 m, design all geometric features of this curve. Pavement width may be assumed as 10.5 m.

14 marks
Ask AI
Q6
Answer the following:

a)
What are different layers generally provided in the flexible pavement? Explain their functions.

7 marks
b)
Calculate stresses by Westergaard theory at the corner, edge and interior location of a concrete slab conforming to the following specification. Wheel load $= 4080\text{ kg}$ Modulus of elasticity of concrete $= 2 \times 10^5\text{ kg/cm}^2$ Pavement thickness $= 20\text{ cm}$ Poisson's ratio of concrete $= 0.15$ Modulus of subgrade reaction $= 2\text{ kg/cm}^3$ Radius of contact area $= 20\text{ cm}$

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q7
Answer the following:

a)
What do you understand by the following terms? (i) Traffic volume (ii) Traffic density (iii) Basic capacity (iv) Practical capacity

7 marks
b)
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of traffic rotaries.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q8
Answer the following:

a)
Name the usual test employed for evaluating the road aggregates. What test values are generally considered suitable for road stones to behave as good construction materials?

7 marks
b)
What do you understand by 80/100 bitumen? Distinguish between bitumen and tar.

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI
Q9
Answer the following:

a)
What are the functions of (i) prime coat, (ii) tack coat and (iii) seal coat in bituminous construction?

7 marks
b)
What are the causes of failure of bituminous pavement?

7 marks
14 marks
Ask AI

Transportation Engineering-I

B.Tech Examination, 2019

Instructions

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B.Tech Examination, 2018

Instructions

Questions

B.Tech Examination, 2016

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Questions

B.Tech 6th Semester Exam., 2015

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Questions

B.Tech 6th Semester Exam., 2014

Instructions

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Vehicle	Travel Time (sec)
1	161
2	173
3	145
4	159
5	182